Psychology: Research and Review
From: Online and offline dating violence: same same, but different?
Online victimization (eVPA) | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Violence victimization | Control victimization | Total | |||||||||||||
No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||||||||
M | SD | M | SD | Uz (p) | M | SD | M | SD | Uz (p) | M | SD | M | SD | Uz (p) | |
Self-esteem | 30.19 | 5.44 | 28.88 | 5.87 | − 1.49 (.134) | 30.21 | 5.55 | 29.68 | 5.53 | − 0.51 (.609) | 30.28 | 5.58 | 29.63 | 5.59 | − 0.73 (.466) |
Hostility | 10.48 | 3.76 | 12.14 | 4.41 | − 2.67 (.007)* | 10.01 | 3.42 | 11.58 | 4.26 | − 3.73 (< .001)* | 9.99 | 3.49 | 11.51 | 4.19 | − 3.65 (< .001)* |
Attention | 28.67 | 6.40 | 30.16 | 7.21 | − 1.64 (.100) | 29.04 | 6.67 | 28.84 | 6.49 | − 0.07 (.941) | 28.97 | 6.58 | 28.93 | 6.63 | − 0.13 (.893) |
Clarity | 25.32 | 6.79 | 24.75 | 7.76 | − 0.99 (.319) | 25.31 | 6.94 | 25.12 | 7.02 | − 0.47 (.640) | 25.38 | 6.71 | 25.03 | 7.22 | − 0.96 (.335) |
Repair | 27.22 | 6.30 | 26.26 | 6.07 | − 1.26 (.207) | 27.81 | 6.11 | 26.26 | 6.34 | − 1.32 (.187) | 27.90 | 6.23 | 26.16 | 6.20 | 1.97 (.049)* |
Subjective distress | 12.62 | 2.27 | 13.19 | 1.95 | − 2.11 (.034)* | 12.52 | 2.48 | 12.94 | 1.91 | − 1.86 (.062) | 12.52 | 2.43 | 12.96 | 1.96 | − 2.03 (.042)* |
Problems/symptoms | 27.74 | 7.42 | 32.26 | 7.68 | − 3.94 (< .001)* | 27.10 | 7.41 | 30.06 | 7.64 | − 4.01 (< .001)* | 27.01 | 7.35 | 30.08 | 7.66 | − 4.28 (< .001)* |
General functioning | 33.01 | 3.59 | 33.68 | 4.67 | − 0.88 (.378) | 33.10 | 3.47 | 33.18 | 4.14 | − 0.83 (.408) | 33.10 | 3.42 | 33.27 | 3.92 | − 0.89 (.373) |
Risk | 4.37 | 1.28 | 4.61 | 1.60 | − 1.29 (.196) | 4.39 | 1.42 | 4.44 | 1.27 | − 1.33 (.184) | 4.42 | 1.48 | 4.43 | 1.25 | − 0.93 (.353) |