Table 2 Association between online and offline dating violence and gender, age and family composition

| ² (p)

ŋ ²

| ² (p)

Online (eVPA)

 Violence perpetration (VP)

0.29 (.592)

.049

1.03 (.905)

 Control perpetration (CP)

1.66 (.197)

.036

8.03 (.190)

 Total perpetration (TP)

1.34 (.247)

.027

6.62 (.157)

 Violence victimization (VV)

1.17 (.279)

.029

1.25 (.868)

 Control victimization (CV)

2.59 (.108)

.042

6.13 (.189)

 Total victimization (TV)

1.32 (.249)

.004

7.30 (.121)

Offline (CADRI)

 Relational violence perpetration (RVP)

0.28 (.594)

.015

2.35 (.671)

 Verbal violence perpetration (VVP)

4.80 (.028)

.046

3.90 (.419)

 Physical violence perpetration (PVP)

5.48 (.019)

.079

3.32 (.506)

 Total violence perpetration (TVP)

4.06 (.044)

.043

3.76 (.439)

 Relational violence victimization (RVV)

5.66 (.017)

.021

1.95 (.744)

 Verbal violence victimization (VVV)

1.24 (.265)

.090

4.10 (.393)

 Physical violence victimization (PVV)

0.24 (.620)

.023

1.16 (.884)

 Total violence victimization (TVV)

1.29 (.254)

.092

4.26 (.371)