The impact of parenting practices and family economy on psychological wellbeing and learning patterns in higher education students

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

Psychology: Research and Review

Table 1 Correlations between DinL dimensions, rearing variables, parents’ educational levels, family economy and academic performance in the university sample

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
1. Coping with difficulties	–
2. DinL effort	0.19**	–
3. DinL autonomy	− .08**	0.15**	–
4. DinL understanding/career interest	0.23**	0.23**	0.20**	–
5. DinL Social/Physical Context	− .07**	− .09**	0.10**	.01	–
6. Father’s care	.09**	0.11**	− .05*	.06**	− .07**	–
7. Mother’s care	0.20**	.08**	− .09**	.09**	− .01	0.56**	–
8. Father’s control	− 0.19**	-.07**	.09**	− .07**	.02	− 0.21**	− 0.19**	–
9. Mother’s control	− 0.21**	− 0.11**	0.12**	− .06**	.05*	− 0.18**	− 0.21**	0.56**	–
10. Father’s protection	− 0.17**	− .01	0.10**	− .03	.01	− .03	− 0.13**	0.35**	0.26**	–
11. Mother’s protection	− 0.12**	− .02	.09**	.03	.04*	− .08**	.03	0.23**	0.33**	0.57**	–
12.Father’s educational level	.01	− .07**	− .07**	.03	.04	0.30**	0.22**	.01	− .02	− .02	− .04*	–
13. Mother’s educational level	.04	− .08**	− 0.04	.03	.09**	0.19**	0.32**	0.01	.01	− .04*	− .01	0.55**	–
14. Family’s economic levels	0.11**	.00	− 0.10**	.03	− .00	0.24**	0.29**	− .07**	− 0.9**	− .05*	− .01	0.37**	0.39**	–
15. Academic performance	0.14**	0.24**	0.14*	0.20**	− 0.17*	.06**	.05**	− .05**	− .05*	.01	− .04	.03	.01	.06**	–
ω	0.79	0.72	0.72	0.59	0.66
M	0.00	− 0.01	0.00	0.00	− 0.01	2.77	2.56	1.62	1.63	2.16	2.00	2.38	2.36	2.99	3.00
SD	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.99	1.00	0.99	1.03	0.92	0.94	1.07	1.01	0.70	0.71	0.88	0.76
Asymmetry	− 0.10	− 0.03	0.13	− 0.63	0.77	− 0.35	− 0.11	1.33	1.32	0.42	0.64	− 0.68	− 0.63	− 0.04	− 0.31
Kurtosis	− 0.56	− 0.54	− 0.41	0.55	− 0.06	− 1.07	− 1.24	0.61	0.57	− 1.09	− 0.75	− 0.74	− 0.80	0.16	0.05

^**p < .01, *p < .05. M, mean, SD standard deviation, DinL diversity in learning