The factor structure of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ): new methodological approaches and evidence

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

Psychology: Research and Review

Table 2 Methodological characteristics in studies which dealt with the structural validity of the MSLQ

Study	General factor of SRL		MND and estimator	Models with unacceptable fit
Study	CFAs realized by the authors	Model with SLR factor	MND and estimator	Models with unacceptable fit
Adesope et al., 2017	CFA 1: 4 motivation scales CFA 2: 4 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Alkjarusi et al., 2012	CFA 1: 6 motivation scales CFA 2: 9 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: ML	X
Bin Dayel et al., 2018	CFA: 6 motivation scales		MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Cho & Summers, 2012	CFA 1: 6 motivation scales CFA 2: 9 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Chow & Chapman, 2017	CFA 1: 6 motivation scales CFA 2: 9 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: ML
Cook et al., 2011	CFA 1: 6 motivation scales		MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Dunn et al., 2012	CFA: 2 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Hamilton & Akhter, 2009	CFA: 6 motivation scales		MND: reported violated MND estimator: ML	X
Hilpert et al., 2013	CFA: 15 scales jointly	X	MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Jackson, 2018	CFA 1: 6 motivation scales CFA 2: 9 strategy scales CFA 3: 15 scales jointly		MND: NR estimator: ML	X
Karadeniz et al., 2008	CFA 1: 6 motivation scales CFA 2: 9 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Liu et al., 2019	CFA: 5 strategy scales		MND: reported violated MND estimator: MLR	X
Pintrich et al., 1991	CFA 1: 6 motivation scales CFA 2: 9 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: NR	X
Rotgans & Schmidt, 2010	CFA 1: 4 motivation scales CFA 2: 9 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: ML
Şen et al., 2014	CFA 1: 4 motivation scales CFA 2: 5 strategy scales		MND: NR estimator: NR

SLR self-regulated learning, CFA confirmatory factor analysis, MND multivariate normal distribution, NR not reported, ML maximum likelihood, MLR maximum likelihood robust