Psychology: Research and Review
Table 4 Synthesis of long-term results by strategy
Tracked by | Components | Audience | Knowledge of suicide prevention | Self-efficacy in suicide prevention | Gatekeeper behavior | Help-seeking behavior (2 months) | Personal stigma and public stigma | Treatment linkage (2 months) | Problem solving skills (1 month) | Rates of depressive and suicidal symptoms (1 month) | Completed suicide (6 years) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gatekeeper | Harrod et al., 2014 | Tompkins & Witt, 2009 | Does not inform | Peer counselors | Long-term effect | There was no evidence | No evidence of effect | ||||||
Yonemoto et al., 2019 | No effects | ||||||||||||
Multimodal | Harrod et al., 2014 e | Joffe, 2008 | Reduction of means, gatekeeper, and brief intervention | decrease | |||||||||
Robinson et al., 2018 | |||||||||||||
Kreuze et al., 2017 | King et al., 2015 | Screening, feedback, and online counseling | Students | Increase | Decrease | Increase | |||||||
Robinson et al., 2018 | Fitzpatrick et al. (2005) | Screening and psychoeducation | Students | No effect | Decrease | ||||||||
Robinson et al., 2018 | Kovac and Range (2002) | Screening and therapeutic writing | Statistically insignificant increase | There was no effect | |||||||||
Witt et al., 2019 | Thompson et al. (2010) | Psychoeducation, gatekeeper, screening, improvement of counseling services | Decrease (after 1 year) |