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Psychology: Research and Review

Table 2 Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations between the 24 character strengths and behavior problems

From: Character strengths as protective factors against behavior problems in early adolescent

 

M±SD

Skewness

Kurtosis

𝜶

Average inter-item correlation

Conduce problem

Learning problem

Psycho-somatic

Impulsive-hyperactive

Anxiety

Hyperactive index

Appreciation of beauty and excellence

15.38±3.97

−0.56

−0.65

0.76

0.45

−0.20*

−0.21*

−0.11

−0.11

−0.15*

−0.21*

Bravery

15.14±3.82

−0.51

−0.66

0.76

0.44

−0.15*

−0.16*

−0.03

−0.07

−0.15*

−0.12

Creativity

14.01±4.17

−0.23

−0.90

0.80

0.50

−0.13

−0.19*

−0.06

−0.01

−0.14*

−0.12

Curiosity

14.85±3.81

−0.42

−0.69

0.74

0.41

−0.09

−0.16*

−0.02

−0.03

−0.11

−0.09

Fairness

15.25±3.90

−0.51

−0.70

0.77

0.45

−0.22*

−0.17*

−0.10

−0.17*

−0.15*

−0.19*

Forgiveness

11.75±3.01

−0.57

−0.83

0.80

0.58

−0.19*

−0.13

−0.13

−0.11

−0.11

−0.13

Gratitude

16.73±3.13

−0.82

−0.08

0.62

0.30

−0.21*

−0.19*

−0.09

−0.13

−0.09

−0.18*

Honesty

11.26±3.12

−0.45

−0.88

0.76

0.53

−0.27*

−0.20*

−0.10

−0.18*

−0.12

−0.21*

Hope

15.41±3.74

−0.63

−0.43

0.72

0.39

−0.14*

−0.14*

−0.01

−0.06

−0.11

−0.11

Humility

12.96±3.64

0.04

−0.61

0.52

0.21

−0.18*

−0.21*

−0.05

−0.18*

−0.08

−0.20*

Humor

14.37±4.38

−0.36

−0.92

0.77

0.57

−0.13

−0.15*

−0.06

−0.07

−0.16*

−0.13

Judgment

14.21±4.18

−0.29

−0.79

0.82

0.53

−0.22*

−0.24*

−0.08

−0.11

−0.10

−0.19*

Kindness

14.41±4.53

−0.32

−0.58

0.66

0.34

−0.14*

−0.09

−0.02

−0.10

−0.07

−0.10

Leadership

12.17±4.34

0.13

−0.86

0.82

0.52

−0.21*

−0.25*

−0.07

−0.15*

−0.18*

−0.21*

Love

14.75±3.82

−0.48

−0.54

0.71

0.37

−0.24*

−0.21*

−0.16*

−0.16*

−0.17*

−0.21*

Love of learning

15.03±4.06

−0.48

−0.81

0.84

0.56

−0.13

−0.19*

−0.05

−0.05

−0.10

−0.12

Perseverance

14.68±3.81

−0.44

−0.51

0.78

0.47

−0.22*

−0.28*

−0.14*

−0.14*

−0.14*

−0.22*

Perspective

13.68±3.95

−0.13

−0.84

0.78

0.46

−0.19*

−0.24*

−0.14*

−0.12

−0.18*

−0.19*

Prudence

10.86±3.11

−0.36

−0.70

0.76

0.51

−0.20*

−0.23*

−0.08

−0.12

−0.11

−0.19*

Self-regulation

9.76±2.99

−0.12

−0.69

0.58

0.31

−0.30*

−0.27*

−0.10

−0.23*

−0.13

−0.28*

Social intelligence

14.03±3.63

−0.16

−0.79

0.67

0.34

−0.19*

−0.19*

−0.12

−0.14*

−0.16*

−0.18*

Spirituality

13.55±3.81

−0.15

−0.79

0.69

0.35

−0.13*

−0.18*

−0.07

−0.09

−0.13

−0.14*

Zest

15.1±3.75

−0.35

−0.89

0.75

0.42

−0.22*

−0.20*

−0.17*

−0.14*

−0.21*

−0.18*

Teamwork

15.83±3.66

−0.64

−0.48

0.79

0.47

−0.20*

−0.18*

−0.11

−0.12

−0.13

−0.17*

  1. M mean, SD standard deviation, 𝜶 Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, N = 521
  2. *p < 0.002 (0.05/24 Bonferroni corrected)