Psychology: Research and Review
From: Language skills differences between adults without formal education and low formal education
MTL-BR | Group | Mean | Standard deviation | Median | Minimum | Maximum | pa |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Auditory comprehension | NFE | 14.93 | 1.87 | 16.00 | 11.00 | 18.00 | .007* |
LE | 16.80 | 1.35 | 17.00 | 14.00 | 19.00 | ||
Oral narrative discourse | NFE | 81.40 | 44.05 | 77.50 | 26.00 | 192.00 | .001* |
LE | 40.73 | 17.42 | 35.50 | 14.00 | 87.00 | ||
Repetition | NFE | 31.27 | 1.64 | 32.00 | 25.00 | 33.00 | .001* |
LE | 32.73 | 0.69 | 33.00 | 30.00 | 33.00 | ||
Phonological/orthographic verbal fluency | NFE | 4.37 | 4.05 | 3.50 | 0.00 | 16.00 | < .001* |
LE | 9.80 | 4.34 | 10.00 | 2.00 | 21.00 | ||
Number dictation | NFE | 3.97 | 1.35 | 4.00 | 1.00 | 6.00 | .010* |
LE | 5.10 | 0.71 | 5.00 | 4.00 | 6.00 | ||
Reading of numbers | NFE | 4.23 | 1.01 | 4.00 | 2.00 | 6.00 | < .001* |
LE | 5.20 | 0.61 | 5.00 | 4.00 | 6.00 | ||
Numerical calculation | NFE | 3.00 | 1.36 | 3.00 | 0.00 | 7.00 | < .001* |
LE | 5.83 | 3.22 | 6.00 | 0.00 | 12.00 |