Psychology: Research and Review
Experimental group (n = 14) | Control group (n = 19) | p value* | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-test (M (SD)) | Post-test (M (SD)) | Pre-test (M (SD)) | Post-test (M (SD)) | ||
Bystander attitudes | |||||
Awareness | 3.02 (0.63) | 3.19 (0.55) | 3.28 (0.77) | 3.45 (0.90) | 0.473 |
Definition | 3.31 (0.82) | 3.38 (0.68) | 3.07 (1.06) | 3.37 (1.06) | 0.428 |
Responsibility failure | 3.50 (0.60) | 3.68 (0.56) | 3.42 (0.74) | 3.48 (0.87) | 0.477 |
Plan/self-efficacy | 3.40 (0.96) | 2.90 (0.74) | 2.86 (1.03) | 2.77 (0.94) | 0.350 |
Action to intervene | 3.87 (0.58) | 3.52 (0.70) | 3.45 (1.16) | 3.42 (1.13) | 0.326 |
Empathy | |||||
Empathetic consideration | 3.49 (0.75) | 3.57 (0.64) | 3.79 (0.74) | 3.78 (0.86) | 0.597 |
Assuming the other’s perspective | 3.21 (0.80) | 3.53 (0.56) | 3.34 (0.50) | 3.51 (0.57) | 0.688 |
Personal distress | 3.18 (0.72) | 3.27 (0.49) | 3.14 (0.53) | 3.04 (0.85) | 0.361 |