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Psychology: Research and Review

Table 2 Summary of the direct and indirect effects

From: Defender self-efficacy and moral disengagement on social support and bystander behaviors among primary school students: a multilevel moderated mediation model

Direct and indirect effects

Estimate

SE

95%CI

p

Social support → defender self-efficacy → reinforcer behavior

 − 0.02

0.02

[− 0.056, 0.020]

0.316

Social support → moral disengagement → reinforcer behavior

 − 0.05

0.02

[− 0.085, − 0.025]

0.001

Social support → defender self-efficacy → moral disengagement → reinforcer behavior

 − 0.02

0.01

[− 0.043, − 0.011]

0.003